RoRo shipping, short for 'Roll on Roll off', is a special method in which vehicles and other rolling goods are driven directly onto a ship and securely fastened there. This type of shipping is particularly suitable for the transport of cars, lorries and other large machines. In this article, we will discuss the basics, advantages, challenges and Important tips to RoRo shipping.

Important findings

• RoRo stands for 'Roll on Roll off' and is ideal for transporting vehicles.
• The method is efficient and cost-effective, but also has limitations.
• Thorough preparation, including documentation and insurance, is essential.
• Special requirements apply to the transport of special vehicles and personal items.
• The costs vary depending on the size of the vehicle and additional fees.

The basics of RoRo shipping

Definition and mode of operation

The RoRo shipping (Roll on Roll off) is a special method of sea transport in which vehicles and other rolling cargoes are driven directly onto the ship. This method is mainly used for the transport of all types of motor vehicles, including cars, lorries, buses and construction machinery. The cargo is simply driven on board via the ship's ramp by the helmsman and driven off again at the port of destination.

Differences to other shipping methods

Compared to other shipping methods, such as container transport, RoRo shipping offers some unique advantages. For example, there are no time-consuming transhipment processes, which shortens handling times and reduces the risk of damage. However, RoRo ships generally sail less frequently and on fewer routes than container ships, which can limit the possible applications.

Typical areas of application

RoRo transports are preferably used for scheduled services and over shorter distances. However, they are also suitable for intercontinental transport, such as transatlantic transport. This method is particularly advantageous for the transport of large vehicles and machines that do not fit into containers.

Advantages and disadvantages of RoRo shipping

Time and cost efficiency

RoRo shipping offers considerable advantages Time and cost benefits. As vehicles are driven directly onto the ship, time-consuming reloading processes are no longer necessary. This results in shorter handling times and lower labour costs. In addition, RoRo transport is often cheaper than container transport, especially for large vehicles and machines.RoRo shipping is a tried and tested method that not only saves time, but also increases efficiency in the transport process. Companies that regularly transport vehicles benefit from the numerous advantages offered by this type of shipping. However, it is important to prepare well and follow all the necessary steps to ensure a smooth process.

Restrictions and challenges

Despite the many advantages, there are also some disadvantages and limitations. RoRo ships travel less frequently and on fewer routes than container ships, which limits flexibility. The vehicles must be fully functional so that they can be driven on and off the ship on their own axles. In addition, the vehicles must be unloaded and completely empty.

Preparation and planning of a RoRo shipment

Required documents

Certain documents are essential for a smooth RoRo shipment. These include

• Commercial invoice or purchase contract.
• Vehicle licence/vehicle registration documentThis proof is necessary to identify and register the vehicle.
• Shipping documents: These documents contain all important shipping information and must be filled out completely and correctly.
• For private individuals: Passport or identity card - A valid identity document is required to confirm the identity of the vehicle owner.

Vehicle preparation

Preparing the vehicle is a crucial step. Here are some important points:

• The vehicle must be unloaded and empty.
• Remove all fresh food, plants and perishable items from the vehicle.
• Make sure that the fuel tank is only filled to the extent that the vehicle can be loaded and unloaded on its own axle.
• Close all windows and secure the cupboards and doors in the vehicle.
• Observe the regulations on lithium batteries, as these may change.
• Special regulations apply to hybrid and electric vehicles, depending on the shipping company.

Insurance options

It is advisable to check various insurance options to protect the vehicle during transport. One Total loss insurance can be useful to insure against the total loss of the vehicle. There are also special insurance policies that cover damage during transport.

Thorough preparation and planning can avoid many problems during the RoRo shipment and ensure that the vehicle arrives safely and undamaged at its destination.

Realisation and procedure of the RoRo shipment

• Check-in and vehicle handover: The first step in RoRo shipping is check-in at the port of departure, where you drive to the harbour with your vehicle and the necessary documents.
• Status report: An employee receives your vehicle, checks it and creates a Car Condition Report (CCR).
• Loading and securing on board: After check-in, the vehicle is driven onto the RoRo ship, with trained personnel carrying out the loading.
• Minimisation of damage: Careful planning during loading minimises the risk of damage during transport.
• Arrival and handling at the port of destination: On arrival, the vehicle is driven off the ship and handed over to the recipient.
• Support from agents: An agent can help with processing and speed up the process.
• Important note: The freight forwarder has no influence on customs orders.

Special requirements and tips for RoRo shipments

Transport of special vehicles

When transporting special vehicles such as motorbikes or ATVs, there are particular pitfalls to be aware of. It is important to know the specific requirements and restrictions of the shipping company in order to avoid problems.

Taking personal items with you

It is generally not permitted to take personal items on board. Many RoRo shipping companies do not accept personal items in their general terms and conditions.

Dealing with customs and import regulations

For RoRo transport, the customs and import regulations of the destination country must be observed. It is important to prepare all the necessary documents in advance and find out about the specific requirements. This can help to avoid delays and additional costs.

Cost factors and pricing for RoRo shipments

Calculation of shipping costs

The Shipping costs for RoRo shipments are usually calculated on the basis of the cubic metres (CBM) of the vehicle. This means that the overall dimensions of the vehicle (length, width and height) are multiplied to determine the volume. Sometimes the calculation is also based on the length of the vehicle or the higher value of CBM or weight.

Additional fees and surcharges

In addition to the basic shipping costs, there are often additional charges. These include

• Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF)A surcharge that takes into account the fluctuations in fuel costs.
• Low Sulphur Fuel Surcharge (LSF)A surcharge for the use of low-sulphur fuel.
• Terminal Handling Charges (THC)Charges for quay handling in the harbour.
• Documentation feesCosts for the creation and processing of the necessary shipping documents.
• Security feesCharges for security measures during transport.

Comparison with other transport methods

Compared to other transport methods such as container shipping, the cost of RoRo shipments can vary. While container shipments often have higher handling charges, RoRo offers a cost-effective alternative, especially for larger or specialised vehicles. However, it is important to consider all import and export charges at both ports to create an accurate cost calculation.

A transparent, complete offer for transport is recommended to avoid unexpected costs.

Conclusion

RoRo shipping offers an efficient and safe way of transporting vehicles and heavy machinery over long distances. The special RoRo ships, which are designed for easy loading and unloading, minimise the risk of transport damage. However, one should be aware of the limitations, such as the limited availability of routes. Overall, RoRo shipping is an attractive option, especially for transporting large quantities of vehicles or specialised vehicles.

Frequently asked questions

What does RoRo shipping mean?

RoRo stands for "Roll on Roll off". Vehicles and other rollable goods are driven directly onto the ship and driven off again at the port of destination.

What are the advantages of RoRo shipping?

RoRo shipping is often faster and more cost-effective than other methods. It reduces the risk of damage as no reloading is necessary.

Which vehicles can be shipped by RoRo?

Almost all vehicles, from cars and lorries to heavy machinery, can be shipped by RoRo.

Can I leave personal items in the vehicle?

Vehicles must always be unloaded and empty.

What documents are required for RoRo shipping?

You will need the commercial documents and the motor vehicle documents. Depending on the shipping company or destination, further documents may be required.

How is the price for a RoRo shipment calculated?

The costs are usually calculated according to the dimensions of the vehicle. Additional charges may apply for fuel surcharges, security fees and other services.